By Uche Uwaleke
Overall, the 2024 budget proposals hold a lot of promise for the economy if well implemented.
A major snag, however, stems from the likely distortionary impact of the new Forex regime.
A naira float in the face of weak supply and strong demand with its attendant forex market volatility introduces uncertainty in budget implementation.
This is why I consider the N750 to the dollar rate used for the 2024 budget as a tall order.
It’s most likely the exchange rate will be the major cause of wide budget variances in the 2024 budget on account of NAFEM operations.
This is particularly so in respect of the dollar-denominated component of the budget much of which can be found in the over N3 trillion proposed defence spending as well as in recurrent debt expenditure.
A volatile and high exchange rate will increase the cost of servicing external debt and further widen the budget deficit.
In my view, a well implemented and corrupt-free dual (not multiple) exchange rate regime (one official including for debt service and another tier for other transactions) helps to bring certainty in government procurements and short term planning in general.
A related issue has to do with the mode of financing the over N9 trillion deficit and its likely impact on cost of capital for firms and the stock market.
Unlike in previous budgets where the amount voted for new borrowings were split fairly equally between domestic and foreign sources, this time around domestic borrowing is taking up a huge chunk at about 78% (N6.1 trillion out N7.8 trillion provisioned for new borrowings) READ ALSO:
- AFCON 2025Q: Osimhen becomes Super Eagles’ second -joint top scorer
- Naira depreciates by 0.2% against dollar at official market
- Keyamo commends book on Nigeria Airways, aviation development
- FG committed to achieving 24 hours power supply—minister
- AFCON 2025Q: Benin Republic, Super Eagles Share Spoils In Abidjan
This can have the effect of crowding out the private sector, hiking interest rates, increasing cost of funds and depressing the equities market as investors migrate to fixed income securities. The outcome will be a further weakening of the productive sector.
In this regard, the government is advised to explore more opportunities for concessional project-tied loans from multilateral and bilateral sources. This will help to boost forex reserves and stabilize the exchange rate.
With respect to borrowing domestically, it’s important that emphasis should be placed on the use of the right instruments such as infrastructure bonds as opposed to FGN bonds that are inflationary prone.
Uwaleke is Nigeria’s first Capital Market Professor
